Experiment #1: This experiment was done to learn about density.
What I did: Taking a tall glass, I Added to it vegetable oil, water, and corn syrup (in that order). Then, To that I added a small rock, a grape, an ice cube, and a piece of cork (also in that order).
What Happened: The Liquids made layers inside the Glass; the corn syrup sunk to the bottom, the Vegetable floated on top, and the Water in between. By adding the objects, something similar happened: The cork floated on top of the Vegetable oil, the ice cube inside the Vegetable oil, the grape on top of the water layer, and the rock sunk to the bottom of the glass.
Why it happened: The water, vegetable oil, and syrup are made up of atoms. The atoms in the water are denser (packed closely together) than those of the vegetable oil, making them able to squeeze in-between the atoms of the Vegetable oil, sinking underneath it. The same thing happened with the corn syrup. This also applies to the objects: The atoms in each of the items have different density levels, resulting in making each of the items a different weight and making them sink to various parts of the layers.
Experiment 1.3:
What I did: First I put 2 cups of water in a saucepan with a a few red cabbage leaves. I heated the water\cabbage until the water boiled. While I was waiting for the water to boil, I took a balloon and put 2 tablespoons of baking soda in it. Setting the balloon aside, I added 3/4 Cup of Vinegar into a 2-liter bottle. Once the water started to boil, I removed it from the heat, and cooled it. When it cooled, I added 1\2 of a cup of the liquid to the 2-liter bottle, then attached the balloon containing the baking soda to the opening of the bottle. After setting that up, I lifted the balloon and let all of the baking soda fall into the liquid in the bottle, leaving the balloon attached to the opening of the bottle.
What Happened: When the baking soda hit the liquid in the bottle, it began to fizz, and the balloon started to inflate. There was a change in the liquid's color as well: Changing from a pinkish color to a more blue-ish-looking color. :)
Why it happened: This experiment was caused by a Chemical reaction. There were actually 2 chemical reactions going on in this experiment: The one causing the balloon to inflate, and the one causing the liquid to change colors. The first one occurred when the baking soda was added to the vinegar that was inside the mixture in the bottle. The two substances interacted, forming 2 new substances, water and Carbon-Dioxide. The Carbon-Dioxide bubbled out of the vinegar and went into the balloon, causing it to inflate. The Second reaction occurred when the vinegar was being used up in the first reaction. Something inside of the Red cabbage called "Anthocyanin", interacts with the vinegar, turning it pink. But as the vinegar was being used up in the first reaction, the Anthocyanin had no vinegar to interact with so it turned into a blue color instead.
Experiment 3.1:
What I did: Taking a tall glass, I filled it with 1\2 cup of water. I took an egg and dropped it carefully into the water. The egg sinks to the bottom of the glass. I took the egg out, added a teaspoon of salt into the glass, stirred it into the water until it dissolved, and added the egg in again.
What Happened: After repeating this process about 6 times, The Egg started to float.
Why it Happened: For the same reason in experiment 1: Saltwater is denser than pure water. By adding so much salt, the water became denser than the egg, resulting the egg to float somewhere in the middle. :)
Experiment 3.2:
What I did: I made 4 little "Boats" by cutting 3x2 inch rectangles out of cardboard. I gave them a triangular point on the top, and cut out a little triangular notch on the bottom of each boat. I then took a wad of chewed gum into one of the notches, a chunk of soap into another notch, a wad of wet tissue into another notch, and left one of the "Boats" without anything in it's notch. I set each of them on the water in the bathtub.
What Happened: All but one "Boat" didn't move. (the one without anything in it's notch was the one that didn't move). There are stray winds in each house and that could have participated in some of the boats' movements, but there was one that moved more than any of them, and that was the one with the soap.
Why it happened: This experiment was caused by Surface tension. Surface tension exists on the surface of any liquid and could be thought of as a thin film spread across the surface of said liquid. There is something in the soap that weakens the surface tension of the water. So... the soap in the notch of the boat was reducing the surface tension at the point where the soap in the "Boat" was. This caused the "film" on the water to pull back, pulling the "boat" along with it. Thus, the "boat" moved as if the soap was pushing it.
Whew! I think those are all of the "Fun" experiments I've done so far. :) I hope I've explained all of them well.
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